| Aircraft Terms | Definition |
| AGL (Above Ground Level) | Altitude measured with respect to the terrain beneath the aircraft. |
| Aircraft | A vehicle that is designed for air travel, including airplanes, helicopters, and gliders. |
| Airplane | A fixed-wing aircraft that is propelled forward by thrust and achieves lift through the interaction of its wings with the air. |
| Airship | A type of lighter-than-air aircraft that uses internal gas to achieve buoyancy, typically with a rigid or semi-rigid structure. |
| Airspeed | The speed of an aircraft relative to the air mass in which it is flying. |
| Altitude | The height of an aircraft above a specific reference point, usually measured in feet or meters. |
| Attitude | The orientation of an aircraft in relation to the horizon. |
| Autopilot | A system that automatically controls the flight of an aircraft without direct input from the pilot. |
| Avionics | The electronic systems used in aircraft, including navigation, communication, and monitoring instruments. |
| Balloon | A lighter-than-air aircraft that uses hot air or gas to generate buoyancy and lift. |
| Business Jet | A small to medium-sized jet aircraft designed for private or corporate use. |
| Cabin | The enclosed space in an aircraft where passengers and crew are seated. |
| Cockpit | The area of an aircraft where the pilot sits and controls the aircraft. |
| Control Surfaces | Moveable surfaces on an aircraft, such as ailerons, elevators, and rudders, used to control its movement. |
| Crosswind | A wind that blows across the direction of travel of an aircraft. |
| Electric Propulsion | An emerging technology that uses electric motors powered by batteries or fuel cells to provide propulsion for aircraft, reducing emissions and noise. |
| Elevation | The height of an aircraft above mean sea level (MSL). |
| Glide | A controlled descent of an aircraft without power. |
| Glider | An unpowered aircraft that is designed to fly without an engine, relying on natural air currents to maintain or gain altitude. |
| GPS (Global Positioning System) | A satellite-based navigation system that provides accurate position and velocity information. |
| Groundspeed | The speed of an aircraft relative to the ground. |
| Helicopter | A rotorcraft that generates lift and propulsion by rotating one or more horizontal rotor blades. |
| IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) | Rules and procedures governing the operation of aircraft in conditions where visibility is poor and pilots navigate using instruments. |
| ILS (Instrument Landing System) | A radio navigation system that provides precision guidance to an aircraft for landing. |
| Jet Engine | A gas turbine engine that produces thrust by jet propulsion, taking in air, compressing it, adding fuel, and igniting it to create a high-velocity exhaust jet. |
| Landing Gear | The undercarriage of an aircraft that supports it on the ground during takeoff, landing, and taxiing. |
| MEL (Minimum Equipment List) | A list that specifies the minimum equipment required for an aircraft to be considered airworthy. |
| NOTAM (Notice to Airmen) | A notice containing information concerning the establishment, condition, or change in any aeronautical facility, service, procedure, or hazard. |
| Piston Engine | An internal combustion engine that uses reciprocating pistons to convert pressure into rotating motion, typically found in smaller aircraft. |
| Ramjet Engine | A simple form of jet engine that operates by compressing incoming air before combustion through forward motion and does not require rotating parts. |
| Runway | A prepared surface on which aircraft take off or land. |
| Scramjet Engine | A variation of a ramjet engine that operates at supersonic speeds, designed for hypersonic flight and space exploration. |
| Seaplane | An aircraft that is designed to take off from and land on water, equipped with floats or hulls for buoyancy. |
| STOL (Short Takeoff and Landing) Aircraft | An aircraft that requires a shorter distance for takeoff and landing compared to conventional aircraft. |
| Tailwind | A wind blowing in the same direction as the aircraft's flight path. |
| TAS (True Airspeed) | The actual speed of an aircraft through the air, corrected for altitude and temperature. |
| Taxiing | The movement of an aircraft on the ground under its own power. |
| TCAS (Traffic Collision Avoidance System) | A system that uses radar to detect and track nearby aircraft and provides collision avoidance advisories. |
| Turbofan Engine | A type of jet engine that has a large fan at the front, which provides additional thrust by bypassing a portion of the air around the core engine. |
| Turboprop Engine | A type of gas turbine engine that drives a propeller to generate thrust, combining features of both turbine and piston engines. |
| Turboshaft Engine | A gas turbine engine that drives a shaft instead of directly propelling the aircraft, typically used in helicopters and some military aircraft. |
| UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) | An aircraft that operates without a human pilot on board and is remotely controlled or autonomously programmed. |
| VFR (Visual Flight Rules) | Rules and procedures governing the operation of aircraft when visibility is good and pilots navigate by visual reference to the ground. |
| VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Range) | A radio navigation system that provides aircraft with a bearing to or from a ground-based station. |
| VOR/DME (VHF Omnidirectional Range/Distance Measuring Equipment) | A combined navigation system that provides both bearing and distance information. |
| VTOL (Vertical Takeoff and Landing) Aircraft | An aircraft that is capable of taking off, hovering, and landing vertically without requiring a runway. |
| Wingtip | The outermost point of an aircraft's wing. |
| Yaw | The rotation of an aircraft around its vertical axis, controlled by the rudder. |